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Brazilian monitor Rio Grande
The Brazilian monitor ''Rio Grande'' was the second ship of the river monitors built for the Brazilian Navy during the Paraguayan War in the late 1860s. ''Rio Grande'' participated in the Passagem de Humaitá in February 1868 and provided fire support for the army for the rest of the war. The ship was assigned to the Upper Uruguay ((ポルトガル語:Alto Uruguai)) Flotilla after the war. ''Rio Grande'' was scrapped in 1907.
==Design and description==
The ''Pará''-class monitors were designed to meet the need of the Brazilian Navy for small, shallow-draft armored ships capable of withstanding heavy fire. The monitor configuration was chosen as a turreted design did not have the same problems engaging enemy ships and fortifications as did the casemate ironclads already in Brazilian service. The oblong gun turret sat on a circular platform that had a central pivot. It was rotated by four men via a system of gears; 2.25 minutes were required for a full 360° rotation. A bronze ram was fitted to these ships as well. The hull was sheathed with Muntz metal to reduce biofouling.〔Gratz, p. 153〕
The ships measured long overall, with a beam of . They had a draft between of and displaced .〔 With only of freeboard they had to be towed between Rio de Janeiro and their area of operations.〔 Their crew numbered 43 officers and men.〔Gratz, p. 154〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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